Plasma-derived factor concentrates are blood clotting factors that come from plasma donated by other people. Blood donations are processed to create the freeze-dried factors that go into this therapy. Recombinant factor concentrates are a newer type of therapy that uses genetic engineering to create blood replacement products. This therapy still contains the clotting factors a person with hemophilia needs.
These treatments are both prophylactic preventive and therapeutic. That is, they can treat current bleeding and prevent future bleeding incidents. Other medication people with hemophilia might receive include clot-promoting drug called anti-fibrinolytics. The two main anti-fibrinolytics prescribed to people with hemophilia A are desmopressin acetate DDAVP and epsilon-aminocaproic acid.
What if, rather than injecting the missing clotting factor into people with hemophilia, you could instead get their bodies to start making it on their own? For more than two decades, scientists have been working on developing a gene therapy for hemophilia that would do just that.
However, on August 18, , the U. Hypnosis may also have benefits for hemophilia. In a study published in Scientific Reports in September , participants who underwent four weekly hypnosis sessions in addition to their usual treatment had a higher reduction in pain than the control group, and also saw benefits in their quality of life.
One of the most serious but rare complications of hemophilia is a head injury that causes bleeding in the brain. Another serious, but chronic, complication with hemophilia is the development of inhibitors, which make it more difficult to stop a bleeding episode and can increase your risk of death.
About 1 in 5 people with hemophilia A develop inhibitors, though scientists still do not fully understand who will get them and why, notes the CDC. Hemophilia is rare and predominantly affects males; females are rarely born with the disorder.
It can affect people of any race or nationality. Hemophilia A, the most common type of hemophilia, affects 1 in 5, male births. About babies are born with hemophilia A each year, per the CDC. Hemophilia A accounts for 80 percent of hemophilia cases, or more than , males worldwide, according to Stat Pearls.
Hemophilia C is rare in the United States, affecting about 1 in every , people. Among Ashkenazi Jews from Israel, the prevalence is as high as 8 percent. VWD affects up to 1 percent of the U. It is carried on chromosome 12 and occurs in males and females at the same rate.
While people of every race and ethnicity can get hemophilia, there are some challenges that are unique to certain populations. Some studies have found that being Black or Hispanic may possibly play a role in increasing the risk of inhibitor development among people with hemophilia. One study, published in April in the Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities , found that non-white young adults with moderate or severe hemophilia were more than 5 times as likely as whites to report high levels of chronic pain.
Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic is a trusted resource for health and medical information, including information about hemophilia. The NHF is dedicated to finding better treatments and a cure for inheritable bleeding disorders. It does this through awarding research grants and through political advocacy at all levels of government. It also offers opportunities for community education and support through its local chapters , and has a camp locator for children with bleeding disorders.
By subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Health Topics. Health Tools. Reviewed: September 9, Medically Reviewed. Types of Hemophilia Hemophilia A Classic Hemophilia The most common type of hemophilia, hemophilia A, is caused by an insufficient amount of clotting factor 8.
It rarely occurs in females. Common signs and symptoms of hemophilia include: 1 Bleeding into the joints, which can cause swelling and pain or tightness in the joints often the knees, elbows, and ankles Bleeding into the skin bruising or into muscle and soft tissue, causing an accumulation of blood hematoma Bleeding of the mouth and gums, and bleeding that is difficult to stop after losing a tooth Bleeding after circumcision Bleeding after having shots or vaccines Bleeding in the head of an infant after the baby is delivered Blood in the urine or stool Frequent bleeding and nosebleeds that are difficult to stop.
In most cases, hemophilia is an inherited disease. This means a person who has hemophilia inherited the genetic mutation that causes it from one or both parents. In rare cases, a person develops hemophilia late in life, sometimes because of an underlying autoimmune disease.
Is hemophilia inherited from the mother or the father? The genes for hemophilia A and B are carried on the X chromosome. Women have two X chromosomes and men have one. Any boy who receives an X chromosome with the gene mutation from his mother will have hemophilia. A girl must receive X chromosomes with the mutation from both parents to have it.
Hemophilia C is inherited from both mothers and fathers. Can girls have hemophilia? Hemophilia is a rare disease that prevents blood from clotting as it should. It happens because the body doesn't make enough of a protein called a clotting factor. Clotting helps stop bleeding after a cut or injury.
If clotting doesn't happen, someone can bleed easily or longer than normal. People with mild hemophilia hee-muh-FIL-ee-uh bleed longer than normal after an injury or surgery. People with severe hemophilia also might bleed for no reason at all. This type of bleeding, called spontaneous bleeding, usually happens into a joint.
Symptoms of hemophilia vary, depending on how much clotting factor a person has and where the bleeding is:. Clotting factors control bleeding by helping the body form a clot. Our bodies have 13 clotting factors that work together to clot blood. The two main types of hemophilia are hemophilia A and hemophilia B.
Hemophilia B is when there is too little factor IX. Hemophilia can be mild, moderate, or severe, based on the amount of the clotting factor in the blood. The lower the level of the clotting factor, the more likely the person is to have bleeding.
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder. It happens when there's a gene change mutation , which usually is inherited passed from parent to child. Hemophilia mostly affects boys. But girls and women can be hemophilia carriers with mild hemophilia A.
They may have mild bleeding symptoms and can pass the gene to their children. If hemophilia runs in the family, doctors can do prenatal before birth testing with amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. More often, when the baby is born, they'll test a sample of blood from the umbilical cord. Few babies are diagnosed with hemophilia in the first 6 months of life.
That's because they're unlikely to have an injury that would lead to bleeding. Bleeding may happen after a circumcision , which can lead to the diagnosis. As kids get older and more active, a doctor might suspect hemophilia if a child bruises easily and bleeds too much when injured.
However, about one-third of the time, the baby with hemophilia is the first one in the family to be affected with a mutation in the gene for the clotting factor. Hemophilia occurs in about 1 of every 5, male births. Based on recent study that used data collected on patients receiving care in federally funded hemophilia treatment centers during the period , about 20, as many as 33, males in the United States are living with the disorder.
Hemophilia A is about four times as common as hemophilia B, and about half of those affected have the severe form. Hemophilia affects people from all racial and ethnic groups. Many people who have or have had family members with hemophilia will ask that their baby boys get tested soon after birth. About one-third of babies who are diagnosed with hemophilia have a new mutation not present in other family members.
In these cases, a doctor might check for hemophilia if a newborn is showing certain signs of hemophilia. To make a diagnosis, doctors would perform certain blood tests to show if the blood is clotting properly. If it does not, then they would do clotting factor tests, also called factor assays, to diagnose the cause of the bleeding disorder.
These blood tests would show the type of hemophilia and the severity. Learn more about diagnosis. The best way to treat hemophilia is to replace the missing blood clotting factor so that the blood can clot properly. This is done by infusing administering through a vein commercially prepared factor concentrates.
People with hemophilia can learn how to perform these infusions themselves so that they can stop bleeding episodes and, by performing the infusions on a regular basis called prophylaxis , can even prevent most bleeding episodes.
Good quality medical care from doctors and nurses who know a lot about the disorder can help prevent some serious problems. An HTC not only provides care to address all issues related to the disorder, but also provides health education that helps people with hemophilia stay healthy. Learn more about treatment. About percent of people with hemophilia develop an antibody called an inhibitor that stops the clotting factors from being able to clot the blood and stop bleeding.
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